基于计算机视觉识别技术的甘蔗种植机械化研究

针对当前甘蔗种植机械化现状,优化机具设计,并应用计算机视觉识别技术,自动识别切种长度,预切甘蔗种,以便实现精密化、机械化的甘蔗种植。在计算机视觉识别技术支持下优化设计甘蔗种植设备,不仅可提升识别甘蔗茎节的正确率(提升80%),还可以提升甘蔗种植效益(提升20%),取得较好的经济效益。为此,设计了基于计算机视觉识别技术甘的蔗种植机械化设备,可提升甘蔗种植机械化水平,提高甘蔗预切种正确率,提升甘蔗机械化种植效益,产生积极影响。     

Relevance of Osmotic and Frost Protecting Compounds for the Winter Hardiness of Autumn Sown Sugar Beet

The cultivation of autumn sown sugar beet (winter beet) is supposed to result in a marked yield increase compared with spring sown sugar beet. Although the importance of the growth stage reached before winter for the survival of autumn sown sugar beet has already been shown, it is not clear to which extent osmotic and potentially frost protecting compounds may contribute to winter hardiness. The study thus aimed to analyse the acclimatization process of sugar beet to low temperatures and to identify compounds which are important for survival of frost. Field trials with autumn sown sugar beet were conducted at eleven environments in Germany from 2009/10 to 2012/13, which were accompanied by greenhouse experiments with controlled temperature regimes. In the field trials, the survival rates after winter varied from 0 % to 99 %, but only in four environments differences between the five genotypes occurred. During acclimatization, betaine, glutamine, proline and raffinose were markedly accumulated and osmolality was enhanced. In particular betaine, amino acids and osmolality showed a positive correlation to the survival rate and were thus identified as potentially frost protecting substances for sugar beet. In contrast, raffinose and proline seem to act rather as stress indicators as they were negatively related to survival. Possible frost protecting substances were identified which can be used in breeding to improve the winter hardiness of sugar beet.     

The Application of Pre-splitting Blasting to Excavation on High Slope in Soft Rock Section

Based on analyzing about blasting mode of slope in the construction of road, the paper shows that pre splitting blasting is mostly suitable in the section of severely weathering soft rock with developed joints and fractures, introduced the laying out about the hole of pre splitting blasting that can apply in the high slope of the expressway in the section, and designed the parameter. The practice shows that it gained favourable effect by this method.     

电站锅炉沼气点火装置的研究与设计

详细阐述了电站锅炉沼气点火装置的喷嘴，引射器及烧嘴的设计计算与稳定火焰的方法。应用结果表明，该点火装置火焰温度高，适应性强，使用经济，操作方便，在电站锅炉无油，少油点火方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

Adiponectin‐impaired adipocyte differentiation negatively regulates fat deposition in chicken

Adiponectin is a protein hormone secreted exclusively by adipocytes that plays an important role in the modulation of glucose and lipid metabolism. To investigate the effect of adiponectin on lipid metabolism in chicken, rosiglitazone (agonist of adiponectin) and dexamethasone (inhibitor of adiponectin) were used to treat 23‐day‐old broilers in vivo. To verify the functionality of adiponectin on fat deposition, chicken pre‐adipocytes were cultured in the medium containing 10 μg/ml adiponectin. Serum adiponectin and lipids and fat distribution were analysed. Oil Red O staining was used to determine lipid deposition in adipocytes. The expression levels of adiponectin, adiponectin receptors (AdipoR) and lipid metabolism–related genes in different tissues and pre‐adipocytes were measured using real‐time PCR, and the abundance of lipid metabolism–related proteins was measured by Western blot. Rosiglitazone increased serum adiponectin concentration and the expression levels of adiponectin and adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) in tissues and significantly decreased levels of serum lipids and fat deposition. Rosiglitazone significantly increased the expression levels of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) and AdipoR1 and decreased the expression levels of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Dexamethasone had the converse effects compared with rosiglitazone. Oil red O staining results showed a marked decrease in fat deposition in cells treated with adiponectin. In adipocytes, adiponectin could decrease the expression levels of CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein α (C/EBPα) and FAS and increased the expression levels of ATGL and AdipoR1. These results indicate that adiponectin has a remarkable effect on impairment of adipocyte differentiation, which contributes to the negative regulation of fat deposition in chicken.     

苹果保鲜链中的几个重要环节

采摘、预防和贮藏是苹果保鲜链中的重要环节，采摘适宜成熟度的苹果可使贮藏更为容易并能避免多种水果病害，及对预冷可迅速去除田间热，从而延长保鲜期。气调贮藏不但经济而且有效。文章中介绍了小包装气调贮藏和大帐气调贮藏2种方法。     

耐冷冻酵母菌的筛选

为从自然界中筛选出耐冷冻酵母菌 ,从土壤、谷物、果蔬、空气等不同来源筛选分离得到 6 0多株酵母菌 ,通过模拟面团预发酵进行耐冷冻酵母菌的初筛选 ,并通过普通面团预发酵进一步筛选 ,得到了 3株耐冷冻酵母菌 ,编号为 FTY2 8,FTY 31和 FTY 5 6。这 3株耐冷冻酵母菌冷冻 7d后存活率和相对发酵力均超过80 ,且海藻糖质量分数大大高于耐冷冻性较差的酵母菌 ,其质量分数最高达 16 .2。     

衬质处理提高超干贮藏林木种子活力研究

研究不同浓度 PEG、不同处理时间渗透处理对超干杉木、马尾松和黑松种子活力的影响 .结果表明 ,PEG渗调处理对超干杉木和马尾松发芽率和活力有明显的提高作用 .种子水分越低 ,回湿效果越明显 ,不同 PEG浓度及不同的处理时间对种子活力影响不同 ,杉木和马尾松种子均以 2 0 % PEG处理效果最好 ,1 0 % PEG处理次之 ,2 5 % PEG最差     

高锰酸钾复合药剂与粉末活性炭联用组合对微污染源水的强化混凝效能

通过对高锰酸钾复合药剂、粉末活性炭、预氯化工艺的对比及它们之间的联用组合工艺的试验研究 ,证明高锰酸钾复合药剂与粉末活性炭联用组合对微污染水的除色、除味、降低出水浊度效果明显。从而为老水厂寻找了一种简便易行、经济有效的去污染手段。